Kentucky in the Civil War Archives. Males had a median income of $29,148 versus $19,288 for females. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,278. The county has two K–12 public school districts. Or a thug for J.H. The district operates one high school, Harlan County High School, which opened in August 2008. 0.65% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race. [26], By 2016, more than half of the county's income came from transfers from the Federal government such as Social Security, Medicare and Food Stamps. At the peak of the first strike, 5,800 miners were idle and only 900 working. You'll either be a union man The coal mining industry began to decline in the 1950s. What was called the Harlan County War in the 1930s consisted of violent confrontations among strikers, strikebreakers, mine company security forces, and law enforcement. The Harlan County War pitted the United Mine Workers of America against mine operators within Harlan County. My daddy was a miner There's no such thing. 27.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. These sites were used by successive cultures as residences and at times for burials. High rates of smoking and obesity and a low level of physical activity appear to be contributing factors to the lowered longevity for both sexes.[21]. [1] The question at hand: the rights of Harlan County coal miners to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions. Major armed conflicts in American labor union history, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, Murder of workers in labor disputes in the United States, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, "TROOPS WATCH AS HARLAN VOTES: Turbulent County Ballots Heavily", "TROOPS AGAIN MOVE ON HARLAN COUNTY: Occupation of Kentucky Area", "Prepare to Meet Thy God: War in the Harlan County Coal Fields", Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor strike of 1892, Westmoreland County coal strike of 1910–11, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County_War&oldid=1015138436, Labor disputes led by the United Mine Workers, Labor-related violence in the United States, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 March 2021, at 20:38. Till every battle's won [27], As of 2018 new jobs are being located in the county as Teleworks USA has opened a hub in the city of Harlan. The 1976 documentary film Harlan County, USA, winner of the 1977 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, focuses on similar labor violence of the 1970s but refers to the 1930s violence as context. Eastern Kentucky is believed to have supported a large Archaic Native American population in prehistoric times, and has sites of other cliff dwellings. The age distribution was 25.00% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 25.20% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The new high school, located in the rural community of Rosspoint east of Harlan, replaced three other high schools: The district operates the following K–8 schools: Harlan Independent Schools is a separate district covering the city of Harlan and operating the following schools: Elmore Leonard's novels Pronto, Riding the Rap, and Raylan feature Raylan Givens, a Harlan County native, and his short story "Fire in the Hole" has Givens returning to Harlan. Coordinates: 36°52′N 83°13′W / 36.86°N 83.22°W / 36.86; -83.22, Tom Hansell, Patricia Beaver and Angela Wiley, "Keep Your Eye upon the Scale,". On July 7, a group of deputies, enraged at a public celebration of the Wagner act, dispersed the crowd by beating several miners. Historical tribes in this area included the Cherokee and Shawnee. The latter-twentieth-century decline of coal production and employment has led to widespread poverty and high unemployment. The miners lay in ambush for cars carrying company men, and shot at them. The population density was 71 per square mile (27/km2). This change became official on June 1, 1792. There were 13,291 households, out of which 32.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.30% were married couples living together, 13.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.90% were non-families. Blair, —"Which Side Are You On? The school nickname is Black Bears, reflecting the area's increasing black bear population. Males in Harlan County lived an average of 66.5 years and females lived an average of 73.1 years compared to the national average for the longevity of 76.5 for males and 81.2 for females. White bass also are open-water predator fish that thrive in Nebraska’s largest reservoirs. Songwriter Florence Reece reported: Sheriff J.H. Due to a growing regional population the county was reduced in size when Letcher County was formed in 1842, using a part of its territory. By. [14] Ultimately, their attempts at strikes, while weak in surrounding counties, were utter failures in Harlan, where only a fraction of the workforce walked out in 1931 and 1932. Two years later, in 1782, at the Battle of Blue Licks, he died leading the advance party. Winnebago County Dept. [5] The strikebreakers were protected by private mine guards with full county deputy privileges, who were legally able to exercise their powers with impunity outside the walls of their employers. In 1799, part of Lincoln County was divided to create Knox County. Rosters Submitted by Joy Fisher : Korean War Memorial Project [4], In 1923, an Indian Cliff Dwelling was discovered near Bledsoe, Kentucky. In 1772 Tryon County was created. Carl Greenfield. Though most workers felt disillusioned with organized labor structure, the NMU's radical ideology gained some traction: ten local lodges sprang up before the Harlan County NMU was officially chartered. Reacting to the unrest created within Harlan's already-impoverished labor force, the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) attempted to organize the county's miners. It outlawed yellow-dog contracts, company unions, blacklists, and discrimination on basis of union activity, all tactics employed by coal companies. Kentucky Quarterly Coal Report, April to June 2016, "The unemployment rate in Harlan County, Kentucky. This has provided over 200 new jobs as of April 2018 [28] SOLDIERS OF THE WAR OF 1812 Letter of Transmittal. They arrived soon after the discovery and "took charge of a controlled excavation of the site. In the throes of the Great Depression, Harlan County coal owners and operators, in an effort to expand national dependency on their fuel, chose to sell below cost. From the late eighteenth through the mid-nineteenth century, Harlan County and nearby counties were settled by numerous persons of multiracial descent, with African, European and sometimes Native American ancestors. In the 2016 election, its voters supported Republican nominee Donald Trump over Democrat Hillary Clinton by a 72.12% margin (84.87 to 12.75).[31]. ... 6940 Man O' War … After the Battle of Evarts, May 5, 1931, Kentucky governor Flem D. Sampson called in the National Guard to restore order. The loss of jobs resulted in a steadily declining population and depressed economy. Harlan County is mentioned in the Merle Travis song Nine Pound Hammer which he wrote in 1939; it has been covered by many bluegrass artists including Doc Watson. Built in a south-facing cliff, it was near a stream. FLORENCE — Harlan Elementary School second grader Kaitlan Young enthusiastically ripped open the shoebox Thursday and smiled widely when she saw the teal-colored sneakers inside. [25], Annual per capita personal income in Harlan County was $27,425 in 2014 compared to a national average of $48,112. Lourene Cottrell, 59, was pronounced dead … As of the census[20] of 2000, there were 33,202 people, 13,291 households, and 9,449 families residing in the county. These events resulted in the county being called "Bloody Harlan." [25] Also, during the strike Florence Reece, wife of organizer Sam Reece, wrote the labor standard "Which Side Are You On? However, before long, most of the remaining workforce had gone on strike out of sympathy. Many such families were descended from free people of color in colonial Virginia, who formed families of free white women and free, indentured or enslaved African and African-American men. About 29.10% of families and 32.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.10% of those under age 18 and 21.00% of those aged 65 or over. I was home alone with our seven children. Steve Earle wrote and recorded "Harlan Man" included on the 1999 Grammy-nominated album " The Mountain" recorded with the Del McCoury Band. "[4] They helped found the first department of anthropology and archaeology at the university, gaining departmental status in 1926.[4]. The troops promptly escorted the union men to the county line. [13], According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 468 square miles (1,210 km2), of which 466 square miles (1,210 km2) is land and 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2) (0.5%) is water.[14]. County Selection Table Clickable Map County Formation Research Genealogical & Historical Societies Newspapers On Microfilm USGW Archives Kentucky USGW Tombstone Project KY Libraries & Archives The headwaters of the Cumberland River are located in Harlan County: Poor Fork (extending from the city of Harlan east past the city of Cumberland and into Letcher County), Clover Fork extending East from above Evarts, and Martins Fork (extending through the city of Harlan west). Tom Kenny - March 19, 2021. (Florence Reece appears in the film.) [2][3] Employees who were known by their bosses to be union members were initially fired and evicted from their company-owned homes. It covered the western and central part of New York State. Although coal mining began much earlier, the first shipment of coal by railroad from Harlan County occurred in 1911 and coal production boomed thereafter. "by Florence Patton Reece, In 1924, Conda Uless (Ulysses) "Condy" Dabney[11] was convicted in the county of murdering a person who was later found alive.[12]. Information about novel coronavirus (COVID-19) Get the latest information about coronavirus and the Indiana Department of Health preparations here - https://coronavirus.in.gov/ [9][10][11] The most violent unprovoked attack by mine workers occurred on May 5, 1931, and became known as the Battle of Evarts. [4] Only three of Harlan's incorporated towns were not owned by mines, and hungry and evicted workers and their families sought refuge in them, primarily in the town of Evarts. My songs always goes to the underdog – to the worker. Harlan County is mentioned in many versions of the 18th-century folk song "Shady Grove". [12] On May 24 a union rally was tear-gassed, and Sheriff Blair rescinded county members' right to assemble. For every 100 females, there were 91.80 males. The strikers expected protection, but upon replacing deputized mine guards, the National Guard broke the picket lines instead. HARLAN, Ky. (WTVQ) – On Tuesday, March 23, 2021, detectives with Kentucky State Police, Post 10 in Harlan, will shut down Highway 38 in the Evarts community of Harlan County … If you wasn't a gun thug, you was a union man. The per capita income for the county was $11,585. ... words were on the jacket as a means of informing the public of the depth of his feelings against the Vietnam War and the draft. Unemployment in December 2016 was 9.5 percent, compared to 4.8 percent in the nation as a whole. [24], Author and activist Theodore Dreiser conducted an investigation under the auspices of the National Committee for the Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) of the American Communist Party. "[22][23] He protected the miners despite the fact that a bomb had killed Harlan County Attorney Elmon Middleton several weeks prior. But the decline of the coal industry also changed politics in the county: in the 2004 Presidential election, Harlan County voted for the Republican Presidential nominee for the first time in 32 years; Republican incumbent George W. Bush received 60.2% of the vote, while the Democratic Presidential nominee John Kerry received 39.1% of the vote. Silas Harlan served under George Rogers Clark in the Illinois campaign of 1778–79 against the British; he commanded a company in John Bowman's raid on Old Chillicothe in 1779, and assisted Clark in establishing Fort Jefferson at the mouth of the Ohio River in 1780. The confluence is located in Baxter. Kentucky's highest natural point, Black Mountain (4,145 feet or 1,263 metres), is in Harlan County. [22] The number of employed miners had declined to 764 by June 2016. However, wages at these mines came into step with the rest of the nation. In 1789 Ontario County was created from part of Montgomery County. No concessions were given by the mine operators, and UMW membership plummeted. By June 17, the last mine had returned to work. The Dave Alvin song "Harlan County Line" takes place around the area of Harlan. Mr. Justice HARLAN delivered the opinion of the Court. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00. Harlan County is well known in folk and country music, having produced many prominent musicians. [30] However, with increasing unionization in the coal industry, it became a Democratic stronghold for six decades. The best white bass fisheries in 2021 will be found at Harlan, Swanson, Medicine Creek, Calamus and Enders.Most of the white bass at Harlan will be less than 10 inches long this year, but that big year-class should produce great fishing in years to come. Given the harsh conditions of mining, labor attempted to organize to gain better working conditions and pay, beginning in the early 20th century. In the James Jones novel "From Here to Eternity", Robert E. Lee Prewitt, a bugler in the Army and the main character, is from Harlan County. Some people say, 'I don't take sides – I'm neutral.' The county's only higher education institution is Southeast Kentucky Community and Technical College (formerly known as Southeast Community College), a part of the Kentucky Community and Technical College System, with its main campus in Cumberland. They say in Harlan County [19], Where the NIRA had been toothless in Harlan, the Wagner Act of 1935 proved itself a far greater thorn in the side of Harlan County's mine operators. He had journeyed to Kentucky as a young man with James Harrod in 1774, serving as a scout and hunter. It is the subject of the Darrell Scott song "You'll Never Leave Harlan Alive", which has been covered by Brad Paisley, Dave Alvin, Kathy Mattea, and Patti Loveless, among others, and has been heard in several versions on the TV drama Justified.[44]. Harlan County is a county located in southeastern Kentucky. An open shop allows union membership but does not mandate it. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000", "Where Government is a Dirty Word but it Checks Pay the Bills", "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections", Alpha Natural Resources - 2012 Kentucky Operations, Rebecca Caudill Young Readers' Book Award: About the Award, Black Mountain Rec Park – Harlan County's Tourism, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harlan_County,_Kentucky&oldid=1017389260, Articles with dead external links from October 2017, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 April 2021, at 14:07. 29,148 versus $ 19,288 for females not mandate it — '' Which side Are you?! Country music, having produced many prominent musicians United mine Workers of America mine! 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